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Creep-testing machine
A creep-testing machine measures the Creep (the tendency of a material after being subjected to high levels of stress, e.g. high temperatures, to change its form in relation to time) of an object. It is a device that measures the alteration of a material after it has been put through different forms of stress. Creep machines are important to see how much strain (load) an object can handle under pressure, so engineers and researchers are able to determine what materials to use. The device generates a creep time-dependent curve by calculating the steady rate of creep in reference to the time it takes for the material to change. Creep machines are primarily used by engineers to determine the stability of a material and its behaviour when it is put through ordinary stresses.
==Background==
The first creep testing machines were created in 1948 in Britain to test materials for aircraft to see how they would stand in high altitudes, temperature and pressure.〔A. I. Smith, D. Murray, M. F. Day, "Creep Testing Equipment-Design Features and Control"; Volume 180 Pt. 3A, 1965-66, pg.303-307〕 The machines were first developed to further calculate and understand the steady rate of creep in materials. Creep is the tendency of a material to change form over time after facing high temperature and stress. Creep increases with temperature and it is more common when a material is exposed to high temperatures for a long time or at the melting point of the material. Creep machines are used to understand the creep of materials and determine which type can do the job better, which is important when making and designing materials for everyday uses. They most commonly test the creep of alloys and plastics for the understanding of their properties and advantages of one material's use over another.〔W. Blum, Materials Science and Engineering: A; Volumes 319-321, December 2001, pg.735-740〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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